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July 1977: Bureau of Indian Affairs – An Important Perspective
7-11-77 trailer At noon Chuck came to our trailer. We were surprised to see him. This was the first time he had come to see us. He’s a friend of ours from Billings. We met him through Susie’s father. Long story. He is an Oneida Indian. The tribe is from New York, but the government moved them to Wisconsin. He was born on the Pine Ridge Reservation. His father worked for the BIA for years. When he was very young, his family moved to Riverside, California where his father was

Sandy Siegel
9 hours ago54 min read


July 1977 Education, Employment, St. Paul’s Mission
Education and Employment 7-4-77 trailer I asked Gordon how I would go about getting either SPEDY or YCC workers to help me in the potato garden. He said that I would have to ask SPEDY kids, and that I wouldn’t be able to get YCC. People have been asking me for the YCC kids to help them around their homes, so I had to find out if they could go to do this kind of work. They told me that YCC does things that are permanent, like building structures and doing work that wil

Sandy Siegel
Mar 2840 min read


July 1977: July 4th, Pow Wows, The Sundance, The Fool’s Dance
7-2-77 Ray and Irma’s We told Ray and Irma that we were going to the July 4 th celebration in Zortman, and we invited them to go with us. Irma said that she wanted to go to Rocky Boy for the Sundance on Sunday and maybe stay over until Monday. Ray said that he hadn’t decided whether to go to Rocky Boy or not. Irma said that the Sundance is really not a fun time – it is a very religious occasion. “But I like to go there because I get a chance to visit with old friends and I

Sandy Siegel
Feb 1438 min read


June 1977 Conversations
Matt and Carletta 6-1-77 mission I was talking to Matt. He was visiting us at the mission. He invited me to go repelling with them. They go up into the canyon to the top of the cliffs. Matt has a 160 foot nylon rope that he ties to a tree. They repel down the cliff. Matt learned how to do this in the army. 6-3-77 Chinook and Hays Matt and Carletta lived in a house in Chinook. They rented the house while both of them were going to school in Havre at Northern Monta

Sandy Siegel
Jan 1739 min read


May 1977: The Old Times and Memorial Day Pow Wow
5-2-77 I went to visit Irma and Ray. Irma, Ruth and Shannon and I sat around the kitchen table and talked. Irma said that she remembered really well when TB was a big problem here. It's not as big a problem as it used to be. We used to take a tablespoon of cod liver oil every day. It was supposed to prevent TB. At first I hated it but my mother would make us take it. After a while I actually didn't mind the taste. It didn't taste so bad. I got used to it. And it was suppose

Sandy Siegel
Oct 25, 202535 min read


May 1977: Animals and Food
Almost every family in Hays has a pet or pets. Every family has a dog. Most of the dogs run loose. Only a couple are ever chained, ours...

Sandy Siegel
Sep 20, 202528 min read


August 1976: Beginnings
We arrived at the mission in Hays on August 9, 1976, in the early afternoon. I was astonished to discover that my first fieldnotes from...

Sandy Siegel
Sep 15, 202456 min read


A Brief History of the Gros Ventre and Federal Indian Policy
The Gros Ventre or A’aniii are an Algonquian-speaking people. There are quite a few tribes that speak languages belonging to this family....

Sandy Siegel
Sep 7, 202435 min read
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